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Spessartite, also known as spessartine, is a manganese aluminum garnet known for its distinctive orange-red color, which can range from a bright, electric orange to a deep, brownish-red. It's a relatively rare gemstone and is found in various locations worldwide, including Madagascar, Namibia, and the USA. Spessartite is a member of the garnet family and is valued for its brilliance and durability.

Here's a more detailed look at spessartite:

Color:

The color of spessartite is primarily determined by the presence of manganese, which gives it its characteristic orange hues. The color can vary from a light yellow-orange to a dark red-orange, with some stones appearing brownish. The brightest, most desirable orange color is often referred to as "Mandarin garnet".

Composition:

Spessartite is a manganese aluminum garnet, with the chemical formula Mn3Al2(SiO4)3. It can also contain iron, which may contribute to the reddish-brown hues.

Brilliance and Durability:

Spessartite has a high refractive index (1.789 to 1.820), which contributes to its brilliance. It also has a Mohs hardness of 7-7.5, making it a durable gemstone suitable for jewelry.

Inclusions:

Spessartites often contain inclusions, which are tiny crystals or bubbles within the stone. These inclusions can be visible to the naked eye, especially in larger stones, but are not always undesirable, as some inclusions can create a soft, glowing effect.