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Dimensions:

9.2 x 9.2 x 6.2 mm

9.2 x 9.1 x 6.2 mm

Sphalerite is a zinc sulfide mineral that can be found in various colors, but gem-quality sphalerite is typically yellow, orange, red, or brown, with a resinous to adamantine luster. It is a relatively soft gemstone, with a hardness of 3.5-4 on the Mohs scale, and is known for its high dispersion, which gives it a fiery appearance. While not commonly used in jewelry due to its softness and perfect cleavage, it is a popular collector's gemstone.

Here's a more detailed description:

Appearance:

• Color:

  While often black or dark brown, gem-quality sphalerite can be yellow, orange, red, or even green.

• Luster:

  It has a brilliant resinous or adamantine luster, meaning it can appear glassy or metallic.

• Transparency:

  It can be transparent to translucent, with transparent pieces being cut into gemstones.

• Fire:

  Sphalerite is known for its high dispersion, which causes it to exhibit a brilliant play of colors (fire), often exceeding that of diamonds.

• Cleavage:

  It has perfect cleavage, meaning it breaks easily along certain planes, making it a somewhat fragile gemstone.

Composition and Formation:

• Chemical Formula:

  (Zn,Fe)S, indicating it is primarily zinc sulfide with varying amounts of iron.

• Occurrence:

  It can be found in various geological settings, including metamorphic, igneous, and sedimentary rocks.

• Sources:

  Gem-quality sphalerite is found in specific locations like the Chivera mine in Mexico and the Picos de Europa in Spain.

Properties:

• Hardness: 3.5-4 on the Mohs scale, making it relatively soft and susceptible to scratches.

• Dispersion: High dispersion, which contributes to its fiery appearance.

• Pyroelectric: Can develop an electrical charge when heated or cooled.

• Triboluminescent: May glow when crushed.

Uses:

• Collectors' Gemstone: Due to its fire and rarity, it is highly sought after by gemstone collectors.

• Not Ideal for Jewelry: Its softness and cleavage make it less suitable for everyday wear in jewelry.

• Ore of Zinc: Sphalerite is also a primary ore of zinc.