Sapphire is a precious gemstone, typically blue, but it can also be found in a variety of colors, such as yellow, pink, and green. It is a variety of corundum, a mineral composed of aluminum oxide. The blue color of sapphires comes from trace amounts of iron and titanium.

Known for its hardness, second only to diamond, sapphire ranks 9 on the Mohs scale. This durability makes it ideal for jewelry, particularly engagement rings and watches. Sapphires are prized for their brilliant luster and clarity, and their appearance can be enhanced through treatments like heat treatment to improve color and clarity.

Historically, sapphires have symbolized wisdom, nobility, and divine favor. In many cultures, they are believed to have protective properties, bringing peace and calm to the wearer. They are also associated with the astrological sign of Virgo.

The most famous sapphires include the “Star of India,” a 563-carat star sapphire, and the sapphire in Princess Diana’s engagement ring, now worn by Kate Middleton. Sapphires are mainly sourced from countries like Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, and Madagascar.