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Black diamonds, also known as carbonados, are a unique type of diamond that are opaque and exhibit a dark, intense black color due to inclusions of graphite, pyrite, and other minerals.

Here's a more detailed description:

Formation and Composition:

Inclusions:

Black diamonds are formed with a high number of inclusions, primarily graphite, pyrite, and other minerals, which cause them to appear black instead of transparent like traditional diamonds.

Structure:

They are a form of polycrystalline diamond, meaning they are made up of many tiny black crystals held together by internal inclusions, rather than a single crystal like most diamonds.

Natural vs. Treated:

Black diamonds can be natural (fancy black diamonds or carbonados) or treated (where a white or colorless diamond is exposed to heat and radiation).

Appearance and Characteristics:

Color:

Black diamonds are known for their deep, intense black color, and they are part of the fancy-colored diamond family.

Luster:

They have a high luster, meaning they reflect light well, and their opaque nature gives them a mysterious and elegant look.

Hardness:

Black diamonds are rated 10 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, making them suitable for daily wear.