Emerald is a precious gemstone and the most famous member of the beryl mineral family. Its lush green color, historical significance, and rarity have made it one of the most prized gems for thousands of years.

Key Characteristics:

• Color: Rich green to bluish-green, caused by traces of chromium and/or vanadium

• Hardness: 7.5 – 8 on the Mohs scale (relatively hard but often brittle due to inclusions)

• Luster: Vitreous (glass-like)

• Transparency: Transparent to translucent

• Crystal System: Hexagonal

Notable Features:

• Inclusions are common: Known as the “jardin” (French for “garden”), these internal features are accepted and even admired as part of the stone’s character.

• Often treated: Most emeralds are treated with oils or resins to enhance clarity.

• High value: Fine-quality emeralds can be more valuable than diamonds of the same size.

Origins:

• Major sources: Colombia (world’s finest), Zambia, Brazil, Ethiopia

• Other sources: Afghanistan, Pakistan, Russia, Zimbabwe

Symbolism & History:

• Birthstone: May

• Symbolism: Rebirth, love, fertility, and wisdom

• Treasured by ancient civilizations like the Egyptians, Romans, and Incas—Cleopatra was famously fond of emeralds.

Uses:

• High-end jewelry: rings, earrings, necklaces

• Heirloom and royal collections

• Collector and investment pieces