Bismuth Crystals: Ayaresa Su, Nkyerɛase, Nneɛma a Wɔhyehyɛ, & Nea Ɛkeka Ho

Sɛ woasusuw nea daakye tetris cube a ɛyɛ nyankontɔn te sɛ ho pɛn a, nhwehwɛ baabi foforo biara nsen bismuth ahwehwɛ a wɔadua wɔ lab. Saa ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ anigye yi wɔ nyankontɔn iridescence a ɛyɛ nwonwa. Wɔn kɔla ne wɔn nsusuwii soronko no ma wɔyɛ akwan a ano yɛ den a wɔde sa ahwehwɛ yare.

Wɔ Gem Rock Auctions , yɛyɛ yɛn ho titiriw wɔ abɔde mu aboɔden abo , ahwehwɛ, ne aboɔden abo a wɔntaa nhu a yɛtɔn mu. Nanso, yɛde yɛ yɛn adwuma sɛ yebesua ahwehwɛ nhwɛsode nyinaa ho ade (a nea wodua wɔ lab mu ka ho).

Wɔ akwankyerɛ yi mu no, yɛbɛhwehwɛ su soronko a ɛwɔ lab-grown bismuth crystals ne sɛnea wɔde di dwuma ma adwene ne nsusuwii.

Ɛfa Bismuth Crystals ho

Wɔsan frɛ bismuth ahwehwɛ sɛ “dade aboɔden abo,” anaa “Bismuth akuwakuw.” Wɔde nneɛma a wɔayɛ yi na ɛyɛ saa nhwɛsode ahorow yi wɔ nhwehwɛmubea ahorow a ɛwɔ China, United States, ne United Kingdom. Wɔnam dade a ɛho tew kɛse a wɔwosow na afei wɔma ɛyɛ nwini so na ɛyɛ adeyɛ no.

Ade a etwa to no yɛ ade a ɛyɛ anigye a wɔde aniwa hu. Nyankontɔn kɔla ahorow hyerɛn wɔ adan a ɛyɛ nwonwa a wɔfrɛ no “hoppers” so. Saa anammɔn a wɔde ayɛ, pyramid nsusuwii ahorow yi nyɛ abɔde mu aboɔden abo, nanso wɔde abɔde mu dade na ɛyɛe.

Wɔde bismuth ahwehwɛ di dwuma kɛse sɛ ahoni a wɔde siesie fie ne akwan a wɔfa so dwennwen nneɛma ho.

Nea Wɔada no Adi wɔ Atifi hɔ: Bismuth ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ nwonwa a ɛda kɔla ahorow a ɛyɛ hyew adi. Mfonini no fi APN MJM - CC BY-SA 3.0 (ɛnam Wikimedia Commons so)

Bismuth Nkyerɛkyerɛmu & Su ahorow

• Nnwom a wɔahyehyɛ / Nkyekyɛm: Bi

• Efĩ a ɛtaa ba: Trace to none (aduru a wɔde yɛ nneɛma a ɛho tew kɛse) .

• Mineral abusua: Nneɛma a ɛwɔ hɔ (dade) .

• Ɔkwan / suban: Hopper, nnompe, anammɔn ahwehwɛ

• Kɔla ahorow: Dwetɛ-fitaa core; nyankontɔn iridescence a efi oxide layer mu

• Nneɛma afoforo (absorption spectrum, optic sign, ne nea ɛkeka ho): Surface oxidation ma kɔla ba; dade a ɛma hann yɛ hyew

• Fibea Titiriw: Wodua wɔ aduruyɛdan mu (ɛnyɛ nea wonya fi abɔde mu) nanso wodua wɔ nhwehwɛmu dan mu wɔ China, U.S.A., ne UK

• Mohs denden : 2–2.5

• Ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe: Trigonal (rhombohedral) .

• Luster: Ɛyɛ dade

• Nneɛma a ɛda adi pefee: Ɛnyɛ nea ɛda adi pefee

• Refractive index: Ɛnyɛ nea ɛfata

• Nneɛma a ɛyɛ den: ~9.8 g/cm3

• Cleavage: Basal a ɛyɛ pɛ (wɔntaa nhu) .

• Abubuw: Ɛyɛ mmerɛw, ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ

• Streak: Dwetɛ-akuturuku

• Nsunsuanso a ɛwɔ aniwa so (sɛ ɛfata a): Iridescence a efi oxidation layer mu

Bismuth Nkyerɛase & Abakɔsɛm

Sɛ woresusuw baabi a Bismuth ahwehwɛ nyaa ne din ho a, yebetumi ahwɛ German kasa no. Wɔkyerɛɛ saa kasasin yi ase fii asɛmfua “Weisse masse” (ayɛ fitaa wɔ Borɔfo kasa mu) mu, na bere kɔɔ so no, ɛdanee “Wasmuth,” kosii sɛ awiei koraa no ɛbɛtraa “Bismuth.” Nsakrae a aba wɔ edin no nkyerɛase mu no da kasa mu nsakrae a aba wɔ abakɔsɛm mu bere nhyehyɛe mu adi.

Bere a mfiase no na nea wɔde Bismuth din too no no da ade fitaa a enni kɔla adi no, ɛnnɛ wɔde kyerɛkyerɛ nhwɛsode bi a wɔanyin wɔ lab a ɛwɔ kɔla a ɛyɛ fɛ mu.

Bismuth Ayaresa Nneɛma

Bere a bismuth yɛ ahwehwɛ a wɔadua wɔ lab no, wɔdɔ no kɛse esiane ne metaphysical circles ne ayaresa su nti. Bismuth a wonim no sɛ “Nsakrae Ɔbo” no betumi aboa ma wo yiyedi ayɛ kɛse, ama w’ankasa wo nyin, na aboa wo ma woagyae wo ho afi awuduru nhyehyɛe ahorow ho.

Hwɛ bismuth ayaresa ahoɔden ahorow ahorow ni.

Nipadua mu Ayaresa

• Ahoɔden a ɛma ahoɔden: Bismuth betumi aboa wo ma woanya ahoɔden kɛse ne nkwa tumi a emu yɛ den. Ɛhyɛ nipadua mu ahoɔden mu den wɔ afã horow nyinaa mu, efi apɔwmuden so kosi boasetɔ so.

• Nnuan a wɔyam mu mmoa: Ebinom ka sɛ bismuth tumi a ɛsa yare no betumi aboa ma aduan mu nsɛm te sɛ akisikuru, akisikuru, ne komayare ano abrɛ ase.

• Ebetumi ama nipadua mu yaw afi hɔ: Bere a ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde ahwehwɛ a ɛsa yare di dwuma sɛ mmoa na ɛnyɛ nipadua mu tebea horow a emu yɛ den ho ayaresa no, wɔn a wɔde bismuth ahwehwɛ di dwuma no bi ka sɛ wɔte ahotɔ nka fi nipadua mu ɛyaw ne nyarewa ho.

Nkate mu Ayaresa

• Nsakrae pa: Esiane sɛ wonim no sɛ ɛyɛ ayaresa ahwehwɛ a ɛsakra nti, bismuth betumi ama mmoa wɔ w’asetra mu nsakrae fã ahorow mu. Sɛ nhwɛso no, ntamgyinafo a wode bismuth ahwehwɛ bɛyɛ no betumi ama woakɔ w’anim bere a worekɔ nsakrae foforo mu bere a woregyae wo ho afi nsusuwii dedaw a ensom wo bio no ho no.

• Ɛma w’adwene si biribi so na emu da hɔ: Sɛ woreyɛ nhyehyɛe sɛ wubefi adwuma foforo ase anaasɛ wubesua ahokokwaw anaa anigyede foforo a, bismuth betumi aboa ma w’adwene asi w’adwene so bere a woreyɛ nnwuma foforo a ɛyɛ anigye no.

• Ɛma ahotoso kɔ soro: Te sɛ ahwehwɛ a ɛsa yare pii no, bismuth ma ahotoso ne awerɛhyem a wowɔ wɔ wo ho no yɛ kɛse, na ɛma ahoɔden a ɛyɛ komm ba wo mu a ɛhyerɛn kɔ wiase a atwa wo ho ahyia no mu.

Honhom ne Chakra Ayaresa

• Chakra abo te sɛ bismuth betumi ayɛ chakra ahorow no nyinaa abom de ayɛ ayaresa ahoɔden a ɛsen daa fi Abotiri (wo ti atifi) kɔ Ntini Chakra (wo akyi berɛmo ase). Sɛ chakra ahorow no nyinaa hyia a, wubenya adwene ne asetra tebea a asomdwoe wom kɛse, a ɛkari pɛ.

• Mmoa wɔ adwene ne adwennwen mu: Bismuth geometric, stacked structures betumi ama nkate a emu dɔ ne ne mu nhwehwɛmu anya nkɔso denam nhyehyɛe a ɛkorɔn a ɛbɛma wɔabue so. Bere a woredwennwen nneɛma ho no, bismuth betumi aboa wo ma woabɔ wo nipasu a ɛkorɔn sen biara no mu na woanya nimdeɛ.

Mfonini a ɛwɔ Atifi hɔ no: Bismuth ahwehwɛ a wɔadua wɔ lab mu a wɔayɛ no geometric. Mfonini no: Ɔkyerɛwfo - Jurii CC-BY-3.0 (Creative Commons)

Ɔkwan Bɛn so na Bismuth Yɛ?

Bismuth nnyɛ abɔde mu wɔ asase so te sɛ aboɔden abo afoforo, na mmom wodua wɔ lab. Nea ɛka adeyɛ no ho ne sɛ wɔbɛbɔ bismuth dade a ɛho tew kɛse, afei wɔma ɛyɛ nwini kosi sɛ ɛbɛyɛ ahwehwɛ. Ade foforo a wɔyɛ ne sɛ wɔde nnuru a wɔde yɛ adwuma bɛtew bismuth nnuru so.

Akwan abien na ɛwɔ hɔ a wɔfa so yɛ bismuth, nanso emu biara hwehwɛ sɛ wɔde bismuth a ɛho tew kɛse (>99.99%) di dwuma. Eyi bɛma wɔanya ahwehwɛ akuwakuw a ɛda nsow sen biara.

Ɔkwan 1: Wɔde Nwene na Wɔma Nnwo Nbrɛoo De Yɛ Hopper Crystals

• Nea edi kan no, wɔde bismuth a ɛho tew kɛse a wɔabɔ no akuturuku gu dade anaa dade ade anaa fononoo mu.

• Afei, woyi nhwɛsode a ayɛ hyew no fi ɔhyew fibea no mu na wogyaw ma ɛnnwo. Bere a wɔreyɛ onwini no, wɔyɛ den ma ɛbɛyɛ hopper crystals.

• Bere a wɔayɛ den abɛyɛ akutu akyi no, wɔhwie nsu a aka no fa ntokuru abien mu ma ɛda ahwehwɛ no adi.

• Awiei koraa no, bismuth oxide a ɛyɛ tratraa bi ba, na ɛma nyankontɔn a ɛyɛ kɔla ahorow a ɛyɛ hyew no ba.

Ɔkwan 2: Nnuru a wɔde tew so denam Liquid Solution Ɔkwan a wɔde di dwuma so

• Sɛ wodua bismuth wɔ lab a, ebetumi ayɛ denam aluminium foil a wɔde bɛka aduru a wɔde afrafra a acid pii wom a bismuth ne chloride (anaa zinc) wom mu no so.

• Sɛ nneɛma abien no di nkitaho a, aluminium no bɛtew bismuth ions so kosi sɛ ɛbɛyɛ dade a ɛyɛ den.

Bismuth Bo & Ne Bo

Bismuth ahwehwɛ bo fi $10-$90, a egyina ahwehwɛ no kɛse ne ne su so. Sɛ nhwɛso no, abo nketewa bo bɛyɛ $20-$30, bere a nhwɛsode akɛse a ɛwɔ stacks pii ne geometric nsusuwii a ɛyɛ anigye betumi bo ayɛ $185.

Bismuth Hwɛ ne Nsiesiei

Esiane sɛ bismuth crystals yɛ lab-grown a Mohs hardness a ɛba fam yiye (2.5) nti ɛyɛ mmerɛw na ɛyɛ mmerɛw sɛ ebebubu. Sɛ wususuw eyi ho a, wobɛpɛ sɛ woyɛ odwo wɔ wo bismuth ahwehwɛ no ho na ama wɔakora wɔn ne wɔn kɔla ahorow a ɛte sɛ nyankontɔn so.

Sɛnea wɔhwɛ bismuth abo so ni :

• Kwati ɔhyew a ano yɛ den: Bismuth ntumi nwene pii, enti hwɛ hu sɛ wode bɛhyɛ baabi a ɛne ɔhyew fibea ahorow te sɛ ogyaframa a wɔabue anaa radiators ntam kwan ware.

• Kwati nnuru a ano yɛ den te sɛ bleach, ammonia, ne detergents a ebetumi ama ne soro ayɛ kusuu na ama crystal no kɔla ayɛ kusuu.

• Fa bismuth ahwehwɛ sie baabi a ahobammɔ wɔ a ɛhɔ yɛ nwini na ɛhɔ yɛ kusuu te sɛ agude adaka a wɔde ntama adura ho, wɔde ntade ahyɛ mu, anaasɛ wɔde ntama ahyɛ mu.

• Fa ntama a ɛyɛ mmerɛw, samina a ɛnyɛ den, ne nsu hohoro bismuth abo ho.

• Sɛ wobɛtew wo ahwehwɛ no ho na woabɔ ho ka ma ayɛ nea ɛyɛ metaphysical tumi nyinaa a, fa gu ɔsram hann a edi mũ mu, anaasɛ fa sage anaa aduhuam sra so.

Nsɛm a Wɔtaa Bisa

Wowɔ nsɛmmisa a ɛyɛ hyew pii fa bismuth ho? Yɛanya mmuaeɛ!

Bismuth Yɛ Awuduru Dɛn Ma Nnipa?

Mpɛn pii no wobu bismuth ahwehwɛ sɛ asiane biara nni ho na ɛnyɛ awuduru. Nanso, awuduru bi wɔ bismuth a ɛwɔ mineral mu no mu ampa, enti eye sɛ wobɛkwati sɛ wode bɛhyɛ mu dodo.

Dɛn na Wɔde Bismuth Di Dwuma?

Wɔde mineral bismuth no di dwuma sɛ dade a emu yɛ duru foforo a kɔbere nnim wɔ soldering, atuo, ne nsu ho nhama mu. Bismuth ahwehwɛ yɛ nhwɛsode a wɔadua wɔ lab a wɔde di dwuma wɔ adwene mu, nsusuwii, ne ahwehwɛ ayaresa mu.

Dɛn ne Edin Foforo a Wɔde frɛ Bismuth?

Ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔka bismuth ho asɛm sɛ “ayɛ fitaa” efisɛ enyaa ne din fii German din, “Wismut” no mu.

Fa Bismuth Crystals Kari W’asetra!

Worehwehwɛ aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ anigye na ɛyɛ foforo, ahwehwɛ ne aboɔden abo a ɛbɛma wo yiyedi atu mpɔn na woabue wo tumi nyinaa? Wɔ Gem Rock Auctions no, yɛtɔn ahwehwɛ ahorow pii a ɛsa yare.

Browse Yɛn Ayaresa Ahwehwɛ a Wɔaboaboa Ano!