Breithauptite Gemstone: Nneɛma, Nkyerɛase, Botae & Nea Ɛkeka Ho

Breithauptite yɛ dade aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ fɛ a wonnim no yiye wɔ nneɛma a wɔboaboa ano akyi. Wogye tom sɛ ɛyɛ kɔbere kɔkɔɔ kosi violet, ɛhyerɛn a ɛhyerɛn, ne nea wɔahyehyɛ no anigye.

Ɔbo no nso betumi anya nsusuwii soronko a dwetɛ ne aboɔden abo fitaa a ɛwɔ hɔ no ntini wɔ ne nyinaa. Ɛho yɛ na sɛ aboɔden abo, nanso wɔntaa nhu breithauptite wɔ aboɔden abo gua so.

Yɛhyehyɛɛ yɛn adwuma no sɛ kuw a wɔyɛ aboɔden abo a wɔboaboa ano a wɔn ani gye ho, enti yenim sɛ ɔbo biara kura abakɔsɛm ne nsɛm a ɛyɛ nwonwa pii. Ɛnnɛ, yɛn ani agye sɛ yɛbɛkyɛ saa abakɔsɛm no, ne breithauptite agyapadeɛ, ne boɔ, asase ho adesua, ne sɛdeɛ wɔde di dwuma.

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Breithauptite kɛse bi a wɔde dade a ɛyɛ borɔdɔma a ɛyɛ borɔdɔma a wɔde quartz ketewaa bi ayɛ a wɔde ntini mu asinasin a wɔayɛ no fɛfɛɛfɛ ayɛ, a wohu wɔ Canada; Richard Hauck Nneɛma a Wɔaboaboa Ano | Mfonini no fi: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Ɛfa Breithauptite Ɔbo ho

Breithauptite yɛ nickel antimony mineral a wɔntaa mfa nni dwuma sɛ aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo fã bi . Abodin afoforo a wɔde frɛ breithauptite ne:

• Breithhauptite a ɛma obi nya ɔyare

• Antimonicke na ɔkyerɛwee

• Antimonnickel / Antimonickel a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

Wonnim breithauptite yiye wɔ aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ kurukuruwa mu, na wonim no yiye sɛ ɛda adi wɔ nhwehwɛmu ne mfiridwuma mu.

Te sɛ nickeline , breithauptite yɛ nikel a wɔde yɛ ade ketewaa bi. Ɛsɛ sɛ wɔde abien no nyinaa fra abo a ɛyɛ fɛ na ama wɔasan anya nikel no na ama wɔatumi atwa antimony (wɔ breithauptite fam) anaa arsenic (wɔ nickeline fam) pii a ɛwɔ mu no ho ahyia.

Nhwehwɛmu a ɛfa breithauptite ho no mu dodow no ara fa ne nhumu a ɛfa asase ho nimdeɛ a ɛwɔ aboɔden abo a ɛwɔ baabi a wohu no ho.

Nanso nhwehwɛmu ahorow bi ada no adi sɛ breithauptite a wɔayɛ no betumi ayɛ nea ɛsom bo kɛse wɔ mfiridwuma mu.

Nhwehwɛmu bi a wotintimii wɔ Nanoscale mu wɔ afe 2019 mu no hunuu sɛ breithauptite nanocrystals a wɔde ahyɛ nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers mu no yɛɛ adwuma yie paa sɛ anodes ma lithium ion battery. Nokwarem no, na breithauptite anode ahorow no ye sen anode afoforo a wɔde antimony ayɛ. Lithium ion batere wɔ baabiara, efi telefon a wokura kyin so kosi laptop so kosi kar a anyinam ahoɔden wom so.

Breithauptite Nkyerɛkyerɛmu & Su ahorow

Sɛ́ antimony nickel mineral no, breithauptite aduru no ne NiSb. Efĩ a ɛtaa ba ne dade, cobalt, arsenic, ne sulfur.

Breithauptite wɔ nickeline kuw no mu . mineral nickeline (anaasɛ niccolite) nso wɔ saa kuw yi mu, na sɛ antimony si arsenic a ɛwɔ nickeline mu no ananmu fã bi a, mineral no ne breithauptite yɛ isomorphous — a ɛkyerɛ sɛ wɔwɔ ahwehwɛ nhyehyɛe a ɛte saa ara nanso ɛsono nnuru a ɛwɔ mu.

Nnipa afoforo a wɔwɔ nickeline kuw no mu bi ne:

• Achávalite na ɔkyerɛwee

• Freboldite na ɔkyerɛwee

• Kotulskite a ɔkyerɛwee

• Langistite a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu

• Sederholmite a wɔde di dwuma

• Sobolevskite a ɔkyerɛwee

• Strumpflite a ɛwɔ hɔ

• Sudburyitefo a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ hɔ

• Vavřínite a wɔde yɛ adwuma

• Zlatogorite na ɔkyerɛwee

Nickeline kuw mu aboɔden abo nyinaa yɛ ahinanan gye zlatogorite a ɛwɔ ahinanan no nkutoo.

Breithauptite ahorow biako pɛ a wonim ne arite (anaa aarite), ɔkwan bi a arsenic wom a wɔtoo din esiane nea wohuu wɔ Ar Mine a ɛwɔ France no nti.

Wɔ mineral su ho no , wɔntaa nhu breithauptite sɛ ahwehwɛ; sɛ ɛte saa a, ahwehwɛ no yɛ teateaa na ɛte sɛ pon anaasɛ nnua (akuwakuw a ɛte sɛ nkorabata). Mpɛn pii no, aboɔden abo no yɛ kɛse, ɛtrɛw, anaasɛ ɛyɛ ketewaa.

Anisotropism yɛ ade titiriw a ɛma wohu breithauptite. Breithauptite wɔ anisotropy a emu yɛ den wɔ ngo ne mframa mu, baabi a polarization kɔla a ɛyɛ ahabammono ne bruu. Wɔ crossed polarizers ase no, anisotropy no da adi sɛ hues ahorow te sɛ grey, brown, anaa olive-green, bere a ɛkyinkyini no.

Breithauptite agyapadeɛ ho nsɛm nyinaa nie:

• Mohs denden : 5.5

• Kɔla : Kɔbere kɔkɔɔ, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛwɔ violet tint

• Crystal nhyehyɛe : Ɛyɛ ahinanan

• Luster : Ɛyɛ dade

• Nneɛma a ɛda adi pefee : Opaque

• Refractive index : Wɔammɔ obiara amanneɛ

• Nnipa dodow : 7.59-8.23

• Cleavage : Biara nni hɔ

• Fracture : Ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ/ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ kosi subconchoidal

• Streak : Ɛyɛ kɔkɔɔ-biribiri

• Luminescence : Biara nni hɔ

• Pleochroism : Ɛwɔ hɔ & ɛyɛ den wɔ hann a ɛdannan mu; []

• Birefringence : Biara nni hɔ

• Dispersion : Wɔammɔ obiara amanneɛ

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Cobaltite | Mfonini no fi: Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com – CC-BY-SA-3.0

Breithauptite vs Abo a ɛte saa ara

Breithauptite te sɛ dade mu aboɔden abo kakraa bi, nanso wobetumi de su ahorow bi akyerɛ emu biara mu nsonsonoe:

• Cobaltite : Cobaltite nyɛ den pii (6.33) sen breithauptite na ɛwɔ nsensanee a ɛyɛ fitaa-tuntum.

• Algodonite : Algodonite yɛ den (8.38) na ɛyɛ mmerɛw (4 wɔ Mohs nsenia so) sen breithauptite.

• Niccolite : Niccolite wɔ nsensanee a ɛyɛ bruu-tuntum na ɛtaa ba sen breithauptite.

Ebia abakɔsɛm akyerɛwfo nim niccolite sɛ aboɔden abo a ɛboaa nyansahufo ma wodii kan yii nikel fii mu, nanso breithauptite abakɔsɛm nso ɛ?

Breithauptite Abakɔsɛm

Breithauptite ho amanneɛbɔ a edi kan no fi Germanni nnuruyɛfo Friedrich Stromeyer ne aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo Friedrich Hausmann hɔ wɔ 1833. Wɔ wɔn nkyerɛkyerɛmu mu no, wɔde Karl Volkmar a ofi Braunschweig, “wɔn atiefo a wɔyɛ hyew sen biara no mu biako” (wɔkyerɛ ase fii German kasa mu) ho anuonyam ma sɛ ɔno na ohui.

Volkmar huu aboɔden abo no wɔ Sankt Andreasberg mantam a wotu fagude mu wɔ Upper Harz Mmepɔw a ɛwɔ Lower Saxony, Germany — mprempren aboɔden abo no su mpɔtam. Volkmar frɛɛ aboɔden abo no “antimony nickel” anaa antimonickel (wɔ German kasa mu).

Wɔ 1840 mu no, Germanni aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo a wagye din August Breithaupt kaa aboɔden abo foforo yi ho asɛm wɔ n’asɛm “Mmoa a Wɔde Ma Wɔte Pyrites ne Dade a Ɛyɛ Pyrite Bi Ho Ntease a Ɛbɛn, a Isomorphisms Foforo Ka ho” (a wɔkyerɛɛ ase fii German kasa mu) mu.

Eyi ne baabi a breithauptite din no mfiase ba Breithaupt de German asase ho nimdefo Julius Fröbel ho anuonyam maa no sɛ ɔfrɛɛ no ​​Breithauptin , “afrɛ a, wɔ [Breithaupt] adwene mu no, ɛne din a wɔde frɛ no bɔ abira” (wɔakyerɛ ase).

Briethaupt anka faako pɔtee a wɔtoo Fröbel din no ho asɛm, nanso ɛbɛyɛ sɛ na ɛyɛ Introduction to the Monograph of Stoechioliths and Pyritoids (a wɔkyerɛɛ ase fii Latin mu), a wotintimii wɔ 1837 mu, faako a Fröbel kyerɛw aboɔden abo no din sɛ Breithauptinus no.

Ɛmfa ho nea ɛbɛba biara no, edin no bataa ho. Wɔ 1845 mu no, Austriani aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo Wilhelm Karl Haidinger tintim aboɔden abo no din (sɛnea IMA kyerɛ no) wɔ edin breithauptite ase.

Na Hena ne Breithaupt?

Sɛ woakenkan yɛn nsɛm a ɛfa aboɔden abo a wonnim no pii ho a, ebia woahu edin “Breithaupt” no pɛn. Breithaupt yɛ biribi a ɛyɛ anansesɛm wɔ aboɔden abo wiase no mu.

Ɛnyɛ sɛ Breithaupt suaa ade wɔ “German Asase Ho Adesua Agya” Abraham Gottlob Werner ase nko, na mmom ogyee Friedrich Mohs, ɔbarima a ɔyɛɛ Mohs hardness scale no kyerɛkyerɛfo dibea .

Wonim Breithaupt kɛse sɛ ɔde adwene a ɛne sɛ paragenesis, sɛnea aboɔden abo hyehyɛ nnidiso nnidiso wɔ aboɔden abo mu, ne nsonsonoe a ɛda mineraloid ahorow a ɛnyɛ nsɛ (a ɛnyɛ ahwehwɛ) ntam bae .

Bio nso, Breithaupt ahu (na wɔtaa to din) aboɔden abo ahorow bɛboro 45. Eyinom bi ne phosgenite , microcline , scorodite , amblygonite , ne monazite , sɛ yɛbɛbobɔ kakraa bi din a.

Breithauptite Aboɔden abo Nneɛma a Ɛwɔ Hɔ

Esiane sɛ wɔntaa ntwitwa breithauptite nyɛ aboɔden abo nti, enni gyinapɛn a wɔahyɛ da ayɛ te sɛ aboɔden abo afoforo. Nanso, yɛbɛda so ara aka sɛnea saa nneɛma a ɛsom bo no betumi afa breithauptite ho:

• Kɔla : Breithauptite taa yɛ kɔbere-kɔkɔɔ bi a ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛyɛ violet. Kɔla kɔkɔɔ anaa violet a emu yɛ den betumi akyerɛ sɛ ɛsom bo kɛse, titiriw bere a wɔde dade a ɛyɛ den a ɛhyerɛn abɔ mu no.

• Cut : Ɛkame ayɛ sɛ Breithauptite nyɛ faceted da , efisɛ ahwehwɛ ho yɛ na na mineral no yɛ opaque. Wobetumi atwitwa breithauptite nhwɛsode akɛse ayɛ no cabochons . Mpɛn pii no, breithauptite a wɔtɔn no yɛ rough (wɔntwaa).

• Luster : Sɛ́ anka ɛbɛyɛ nea emu da hɔ na ɛda adi pefee (esiane sɛ breithauptite yɛ nea wontumi nhu nti), ebia breithauptite hyerɛn no bɛyɛ ade a ɛma ne bo yɛ den. Ebia breithauptite a wɔde dade ayɛ a ɛhyerɛn no bɛhyɛ sɛ wɔmfa nneɛma bo nkɔ soro.

• Carat Mu duru : Wɔahu breithauptite kɛse wɔ akɛse a ebetumi abɛyɛ cabochons akɛse, nanso breithauptite abo biara a wɔatwa no ho yɛ na.

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Breithauptite a ɛyɛ kɔbere a wɔde skutterudite ne arsenides afoforo akata so | Mfonini no fi: Kelly Nash, CC-BY-SA-3.0

Breithauptite Nkyekyɛmu & Nneɛma a Ɛfiri Hɔ

Breithauptite taa wɔ nsuo a ɛyɛ hyew ntini mu, baabi a ɛbaa wɔ ɔhyew a ɛba fam koraa (a ɛba fam 450°C anaa 842°F) mu fi nsuo a ɛtɔ gu fam — nsuo a ɛyɛ hyeɛ a ɛwɔ asase ase no de nickel ne antimony a wɔapete kɔ, na ɛyɛɛ nwini na ɛgyaw nneɛma no ma ɛyɛ ahwehwɛ.

Nanso, breithauptite nso betumi aba bere a ɔmantam mu nsakrae anaa magma akwankyerɛ bere a wɔayi sulfides afi hɔ no.

Wohu aboɔden abo no wɔ ntini a ɛne cobalt, nickel, ne dwetɛ a wɔde ayɛ nneɛma wɔ abusuabɔ mu; sika kɔkɔɔ ne dade afoforo a wɔde asie nso wɔ mmeae pii.

Aboɔden abo a wɔtaa de bata ho no bi ne:

• Sereba

• Nickeline a wɔfrɛ no Nickeline

• Maucherite a ɔyɛ ɔkyerɛwfo

• Cobaltite a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

• Ullmannitefoɔ na wɔte saa

• Tetrahedrite a ɛwɔ nipadua no mu

• Pyrrhotite a wɔfrɛ no Pyrrhotite

• Cubafo

• Chalcopyrite a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

• Sphalerite a wɔde yɛ aduru

• Galena na ɔkyerɛwee

• Calcite a wɔde yɛ aduru

• Löllingitefo a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ hɔ

• Quartz a wɔfrɛ no Quartz

• Rammelsbergite a ɛwɔ hɔ

Mmeae a Wɔtu Tuo

Wohu Breithauptite wɔ mmeae pii wɔ wiase nyinaa. Nanso, nneɛma atitiriw a wonya fi mu ne:

• Canada

• Sardinia na ɛwɔ hɔ

• Germany

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ: Breithauptite a ɛwɔ calcite so | Mfonini no fi: Leon Hupperichs, CC-BY-SA-3.0

Breithauptite Bo & Ne Bo

Breithauptite nyɛ nea wonim no yiye, enti ne bo gu ahorow. Sɛnea yɛadi kan aka no, ɛkame ayɛ sɛ breithauptite a wɔtɔn nyinaa yɛ rough (wɔntwitwaa).

Breithauptite a ɛyɛ den bo fi bɛyɛ dɔla 35 kosi dɔla 3,000.

Breithauptite dodow no ara bo bɛyɛ dɔla 35 kosi 50 biara. Mpɛn pii no, nneɛma a ne bo yɛ den no yɛ nea ɛkorɔn a ɛhyerɛn kɛse na ɛwɔ kɔla a ɛyɛ pink, a mpɛn pii no wɔde bata ahwehwɛ afoforo a wɔntaa nhu ho.

Breithauptite Hwɛ ne Nsiesiei

Ansa na yɛbɛkɔ breithauptite a yɛbɛhwɛ mu no, w’ahobammɔ di kan. Ɛho hia sɛ yehu sɛ breithauptite wɔ awuduru a ɛwɔ mfinimfini esiane nickel ne antimony a ɛwɔ ne nneɛma mu nti.

Asiane kɛse a ɛwɔ hɔ sɛ ɛbɛda no adi no fi breithauptite mfutuma, a ɛkyerɛ sɛ breithauptite a wobetwitwa anaa wɔayɛ no fɛfɛɛfɛ no hwehwɛ ahobammɔ nnwinnade a ɛfata.

Wobɛpɛ nso sɛ wode breithauptite sie ade a ahobammɔ wom mu (a mmofra anaa afieboa ntumi nkɔ hɔ) a ɛda nsow wɔ aboɔden abo afoforo ho na amma ansɛe, efisɛ ɛyɛ den kakra na nsensanee betumi ama nneɛma nketenkete akɔ mframa mu. Kwati sɛ wode wo nsa bɛka breithauptite a wunni nsateaa sɛ wowɔ nickel allergy a.

For gemstone care , eye sɛ wode microfiber ntama popa breithauptite brɛoo kɛkɛ. Ma mineral no ntwe mfi acid ho, efisɛ eyinom bɛma ɔbo no apete.

So Breithauptite Yɛ Wo ho Nsɛnkyerɛnne?

Breithauptite yɛ aboɔden abo kɔkɔɔ a ɛntaa nsi a ɛte sɛ kɔbere a ebia ɛnyɛ te sɛ nea ɛdɔɔso wɔ nea edi kan a wobɛhwɛ mu. Nanso hyerɛn kanea bi na wubehu sɛ ɛyɛ dade a ɛhyerɛn! Hwɛ yiye na wubehu sɛnea wɔde di dwuma wɔ mfiridwuma mu a ɛyɛ anigye, abakɔsɛm, ne hia a ɛho hia ma wɔn a wɔboaboa nneɛma ano.

Kɔtɔ breithauptite ne aboɔden abo soronko afoforo nnɛ!