Sogdianite Aboɔden abo: Nneɛma, Nkyerɛase, Botae & Nea Ɛkeka Ho

Sogdianite yɛ aboɔden abo a wɔntaa nhu na ɛyɛ anigye a wonim no sɛ ɛyɛ violet kosi pink a ɛyɛ nwonwa, ɛwom sɛ wɔntaa nhu no wɔ aboɔden abo gua a ɛtrɛw no so de.

Wɔde tete Sogdiana mantam a ɛwɔ Asia Mfinimfini fam no din too Sogdianite so, na ɛsom bo esiane ne kɔla a ɛda adi pefee ne nea ɛho yɛ na nti, na ɛma ɛyɛ beae a eye sen biara ma wɔn a wɔboaboa nneɛma ano ne wɔn a wonim ade yiye nyinaa.

Yɛde yɛn adwuma no asi so sɛ yɛde aboɔden aboɔ a ɛyɛ nokware, abɔdeɛ mu aboɔden aboɔ ahodoɔ pii a ɛyɛ nwonwa bɛma, ɛfiri mfitiaseɛ so kɔsi soronko ankasa so. Sogdianite hyɛ ɔfa a ɛtɔ so mmienu no mu, ɛno nti na yɛn ani agye sɛ yɛbɛkyɛ yɛn nimdeɛ wɔ nneɛma nyinaa sogdianite ho wɔ akwankyerɛ a ɛdi mũ yi mu.

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ: Sogdianite kuw a ɛyɛ ahwehwɛ biako a efi Tajikistan | Mfonini no fi: David Ayaresabea, CC-BY-SA-4.0

Ɛfa Sogdianite Ɔbo ho

Sogdianite yɛ aboɔden abo a wɔntaa nhu koraa a ɛtɔ mmere bi a wɔde di dwuma sɛ aboɔden abo a ɛsom bo fã bi . Wonim no yiye sɛ ɛwɔ kɔla a ɛyɛ pink kosi violet a ɛyɛ mmerɛw.

Ebia wubehu sɛ wɔakyerɛw ɔbo no din wɔ nhoma ahorow bi mu sɛ “sogdianovite.” Eyi fi nkyerɛwde a ɛnteɛ a Michael Fleischer kyerɛwee wɔ American Mineralogist a ɛbae wɔ 1969 mu a ɔteɛteɛɛ mu wɔ 1972 de no mu no mu .

Sɛ́ ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ pink kosi violet no, wobetumi de sogdianite adi dwuma sɛ nsoromma mu hwɛ ɔbo ama wɔn a wɔwoo wɔn wɔ Libra anaa Pisces ase no .

Wɔ nsoromma mu hwɛ akyi no, sogdianite wɔ tumi a wɔde di dwuma wɔ mfiridwuma mu kakraa bi.

Germanfo nhwehwɛmufo kuw bi tintim nhwehwɛmu bi wɔ afe 2007 mu wɔ sɛnea sogdianite tumi fa lithium mu ho . Wohui sɛ sogdianite, sɛ́ silicate a ɛwɔ nkaa abien a ɛwɔ lithium no, wɔ tumi sɛ ade a ɛma lithium-ionic kɔ ntɛmntɛm.

German nhwehwɛmufoɔ kuo foforɔ (a wɔn mu baako, SoHyun Park, kaa afe 2006 nhwehwɛmu no ho) tintim nhwehwɛmu bi wɔ afe 2018 mu a ɛfa tumi a sogdianite ne sugilite wɔ sɛ ionic conductors a ɛyɛ hyew kɛseɛ wɔ solid-state electrochemical cells mu, a wɔde di dwuma wɔ mfiri te sɛ portable electronics, pacemakers, ne electric kar mu.

Nhwehwɛmufo no hui sɛ sugilite wɔ ionic conductivity a ɛkorɔn, nanso sogdianite a wɔayɛ nso wɔ tumi bi.

Esiane sɛ abɔde mu sogdianite ho yɛ na nti, nyansahu mu nhwehwɛmu a wɔyɛ wɔ ho no mu dodow no ara de sogdianite a wɔayɛ na ɛyɛ adwuma. Nanso sɛ wubetumi ayɛ no abom a, ɛsɛ sɛ wuhu n’abɔde mu su ahorow.

Sogdianite Nkyerɛkyerɛmu & Su ahorow

Sogdianite yɛ aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ den a ɛwɔ aduru a wɔgye ho akyinnye kakra. Nnuru a ɛyɛ aban de a Amanaman Ntam Aboɔden abo Fekuw (IMA) apene so ne KZr2Li3Si12O30. Nnuru afoforo a wɔahyɛ ho nyansa no bi ne:

• (K, Na) 2Li2 (Li, Fe, Al, Ti) 2Zr2 (Si2O5)6

• (K, NA) 2Li2 (Li, Fe, Al, Ti) 1.8 (Zr, Ti) Si12O30

• (K, Na) 2 (Li, Fe3 +) 3 (Zr, Ti, Fe3 +) Si12O30

• K2Zr2Li3[Si12O30] ne nea ɛwɔ hɔ.

• K (Zr0.8Fe3 + 0.6Ti0.4Fe2 + 0.2) ∑ = 2 (Li2.55Al0.150.30) ∑ = 3 [Si12O30] (Na0.95K0.05)

Ɔbo no da nsow sɛ ɛno nkutoo ne aboɔden abo a potassium, lithium, ne zirconium a ɛwɔ hɔ titiriw a wɔaka abom. Efĩ a ɛtaa ba sogdianite mu no bi ne aluminium, manganese, magnesium, ne barium.

Sogdianite yɛ osumilite-milarite kuw no fã . Aboɔden abo a ɛwɔ kuw yi mu yɛ ring silicates a ɛyɛ den. Aboɔden abo bɛboro 25 na ɛwɔ kuw no mu; ebinom a ɛda nsow a ebia wunim ne milarite , poudretteite, ne sugilite.

Wɔ suban ho no, sogdianite ahwehwɛ ho yɛ na yiye, mpɛn pii no ɛyɛ nkyerɛwde na ɛyɛ nketenkete (ɛkɔ soro kodu sɛntimita 1). Mpɛn pii no, sogdianite ba sɛ mass anaa platy aggregates a ne kɛse bɛyɛ cm 15.

Sogdianite ho sɛnkyerɛnne a ɛkyerɛ aniwa no yɛ uniaxial (-). Aboɔden abo ho animdefo betumi ahu sogdianite denam ne absorption spectrum a ɛkyerɛ nsensanee a ano yɛ nnam wɔ 4110, 4190, ne 4370, ne brands a ɛyɛ mmerɛw wɔ 4880-4930 ne 6300-6450.

Sogdianite agyapadeɛ a wɔahyehyɛ no nyinaa:

• Mohs hardness : 7 bere a ɛho tew; 5-6 (Afrika Kesee Fam nsɛm) .

• Kɔla : Violet, pink a ɛyɛ hann, fitaa

• Crystal nhyehyɛe : Ɛyɛ ahinanan

• Luster : Vitreous, ɛtɔ mmere bi a ɛyɛ waxy

• Transparency : Ɛyɛ translucent kosi opaque, ɛntaa nsi

• Nneɛma a ɛma nneɛma yɛ mmerɛw : 1.606-1.608

• Density : 2.90 bere a ɛho tew; Sɛnea ɛba fam te sɛ 2.76

• Cleavage : Ɛyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ wɔ {0001} so.

• Fracture : Ɛnyɛ daa/ɛnyɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ

• Streak : Ɛyɛ fitaa

• Luminescence : Fluorescence a ɛwɔ hɔ; Kɔkɔɔ tuntum paa wɔ SW-UV & violet tuntum wɔ LW-UV

• Pleochroism : Wɔammɔ obiara ho amanneɛ

• Nsonsonoe abien : 0.002

• Dispersion : Wɔammɔ obiara amanneɛ

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ no: Sugilite cabochon

Sogdiani ne Sugilite ntam

Ebia wɔbɛfrafra Sogdianite ne aboɔden abo a ɛte sɛ nea ɛte saa ara sugilite .

Sugilite nso yɛ ɔbo a ɛntaa nsi, a ɛyɛ violet kosi pink a ɛwɔ milarite-osumilite mu a ɛwɔ aduru a ɛyɛ den. Nanso, nsonsonoe titiriw a ɛda sogdianite vs sugilite ntam ne:

• Rarity : Sogdianite ho yɛ na koraa sen sugilite.

• Density : Sugilite density no sua kakra (2.74-2.80) sene sogdianite (2.90, bere a ɛho tew).

• Cleavage : Sugilite cleavage yɛ ohia/indistinct wɔ {0001} so, bere a sogdianite cleavage yɛ pɛpɛɛpɛ wɔ {0001} so.

Nsɛdi a ɛda sugilite ne sogdianite ntam no ba wɔ bere titiriw bi mu wɔ sugilite abakɔsɛm mu. Mfiase no, na wosusuw sɛ nhwɛsode ahorow a efi South Africa a epuei wɔ aboɔden abo gua so wɔ 1970 mfe no awiei mu hɔ no yɛ sogdianite.

Nanso Amerikani aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo Peter J. Dunn ne akyerɛwfo afoforo tintim wɔn nhwehwɛmu a ɛkyerɛ sɛ na nneɛma no nyɛ sogdianite na mmom sugilite a manganese wom ankasa. Ná eyi yɛ nea ɛho hia sɛ ade a edi kan a wɔde sugilite a ɛte sɛ aboɔden abo asie.

Wɔ abakɔsɛm asɛmti no ho no, momma yɛnsan nkɔ ɔbo a ɛwɔ yɛn nsam no so nkɔhwɛ sogdianite bere a atwam no mu.

Sogdianifo Abakɔsɛm

Russiani aboɔden abo ho ɔbenfo Vyacheslav Djuraevitch Dusmatov, ne A. F. Efimov, Z. T. Kataeva, L. A. Khoroshilova, K. P. Yanulov kyerɛw sogdianite ho nkyerɛkyerɛmu a edi kan wɔ 1968 mu.

Wɔn nkyerɛkyerɛmu no gyinaa nhwɛsode ahorow a efi Dara-i-Pioz Massif a ɛwɔ Tajikistan so.

Nhoma akyerɛwfo no too aboɔden abo no din “sogdianite” de tete Sogdiana (anaa Sogdia) anibuei a na ɛwɔ asasesin wɔ nnɛyi Tajikistan baabi a wohuu aboɔden abo no. Sogdiana wɔ hɔ fi afeha a ɛto so 6 A.Y.B. Ɛkaa mmeae a ɛwɔ nnɛyi Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, ne Kyrgyzstan nso ho.

Dusmatov dii kan huu sogdianite wɔ 1964 mu bere a na ɔresua abotan a ɛkɔ Alay Mmepɔw no mu biako ho ade no. Ɔne akyerɛwfo a yɛaka wɔn ho asɛm wɔ atifi hɔ no yɛɛ nhwɛsode ahorow no ho nhwehwɛmu na wohui sɛ ɛyɛ aboɔden abo foforo.

Wɔ IMA amanneɛbɔ a ɛfa aboɔden abo foforo no ho mu no, ɔkyerɛwfo no kyerɛe sɛ sogdianite yɛ nea ɛho hia sɛ “zirconosilicate a edi kan a wonim a ɛwɔ lithium mu” (wɔkyerɛ ase fii Russia kasa mu).

Fomula Nsakrae

Mfitiaseɛ kwan a wɔfa so yɛ sogdianite a Dusmatov ne ne mfɛfoɔ de too dwa no. wɔ afe 1968 mu no, na (K,NA)2Li2(Li,Fe,Al,Ti)1.8(Zr,Ti)Si12O30.

Wɔ 1975 mu no, Russiani ahwehwɛ ho nimdefo Vladimir Vasilievich Bakakin sesaa ɔkwan a wɔfa so yɛ no ma ɛbɛyɛɛ K(Zr0.8Fe3+0.6Ti0.4Fe2+0.2) ∑=2(Li2.55Al0.150.30)∑=3[Si12O30](Na0.95K0.05).

Amerikafo aboɔden abo ho animdefo Michael Fleischer ne Joseph A. Mandarino san siesiee aduru no wɔ 1995 mu ma ɛbɛyɛɛ (K,Na)2(Li,Fe3+)3(Zr,Ti,Fe3+)Si12O30.

Nanso, Canadafo aboɔden abo ho animdefo Mark A. Cooper ne Frank C. Hawthorne, ne Amerikani aboɔden abo ho nimdefo Edward S. Grew hwehwɛɛ saa nnuru yi mu yiye wɔ wɔn amanneɛbɔ a wɔfrɛ no “ The crystal chemistry of sogdianite, a milarite-group mineral ” mu.

Cooper, Hawthorne, ne Grew hui sɛ Dusmatov ne afoforo. ne Fleischer-Mandarino nnuru a wɔde yɛ nnuru no ne sɛnea wɔahyehyɛ milirite kuw mu aboɔden abo no nhyia. Wɔn mmom de nsusuwii a wɔde di dwuma wɔ ɔkwan a ɛkɔ akyiri so (Zr,Ti4+,Fe3+Al)2(,Na)2K[Li3Si12O30] ho nyansahyɛ mae.

Mprempren, aban nhyehyɛe a IMA apene so ne KZr2Li3Si12O30.

Mfonini a ɛwɔ atifi hɔ: Sogdia asase mfonini, tete anibuei a wɔde sogdianite din too | Mfonini no fi DEMIS Mapserver, पाटलिपुलि, CC-BY-SA-3.0

Sogdianite Ayaresa Nneɛma

Sɛ́ ɔbo a wɔde sa yare a ɛyɛ violet no , nea sogdianite kyerɛ no da honhom fam ne su horow a wotumi te ase a ɛwɔ aboɔden abo afoforo a ɛyɛ violet mu adi . Wobetumi nso de sogdianite adi dwuma wɔ ahoɔden ayaresa mu sɛ aniwa a ɛto so abiɛsa anaa abotiri chakra ɔbo .

Nipadua mu Ayaresa

Wɔ nipadua mu no, ahwehwɛ ayaresafo kamfo sogdianite kyerɛ sɛ wɔmfa nni nsɛm a ɛfa:

• Vitality a ɛyɛ den

• Ɔbrɛ

• Ayaresa a ɛba bere a wɔapirapira akyi

• Ntini a ɛma nipadua no yɛ adwuma

• Dae bɔne

Nkate mu Ayaresa

Wɔ nkate fam no, wogye di sɛ sogdianite:

• Ma dadwen ntra hɔ

• Hyɛ kommyɛ ho nkuran

• Yi adwemmɔne fi hɔ, emu ne akyi nyinaa

• Facilitate introspection & nkate mu pefeeyɛ

Sogdianite Aboɔden abo Nneɛma a Ɛwɔ Hɔ

Sɛ sogdianite a ɛho yɛ na sɛ aboɔden abo da nkyɛn a, ɛsom bo gyina ne kɔla, ne twitwa, sɛnea emu da hɔ, sɛnea ɛda adi pefee, ne ne mu duru a ɛyɛ carat so.

Ahosuo

Akyinnye biara nni ho sɛ Sogdianite kɔla no ne nea ɛkyerɛkyerɛ mu na ɛyɛ fɛ sen biara, efi pink a ɛyɛ mmerɛw so kosi violet a ɛyɛ hyew so. Sogdianite abo binom da saa kɔla ahorow yi ahorow adi, ɛtɔ mmere bi a kɔla ahorow a ɛwɔ mmeae ahorow, a efi nneɛma afoforo kakraa bi mu.

Sogdianites a ɛsom bo sen biara no wɔ kɔla a ɛyɛ hyew, mpo.

Twa

Esiane sɛ sogdianite ho yɛ na wɔ ahwehwɛ mu nti, sogdianite aboɔden abo a ɛwɔ afã horow no ho yɛ na na ɛtaa yɛ nketewa. Wɔhwehwɛ sɛ obi a ne ho akokwaw lapidarist (gem cutter) na ama watumi ahwɛ sogdianite no mpaapaemu ne biribiara a ɛka ho a ɛwɔ hɔ no mu.

Wobetumi atwitwa sogdianite kɛse ayɛ no cabochons anaa nhwiren. Mpɛn pii no, wubehu cabochons a wɔde sogdianite ayɛ a ɛne aboɔden abo afoforo te sɛ zektzerite anyin.

Sogdianite dodow no ara a wɔtɔn no yɛ rough (wɔntwitwaa).

Nsɛm a ɛda adi pefee & Nsɛm a ɛda adi pefee

Clarity kyerɛkyerɛ sɛnea aboɔden abo bi ka ho a wotumi hu , a ebetumi aka sɛnea ɛda adi pefee ne ne kɛse. Esiane sɛ sogdianite a ɛte sɛ aboɔden abo ho yɛ na nti, sɛnea emu da hɔ no rennya ne bo so nkɛntɛnso kɛse. Ɛno akyi no, sogdianite ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ mmerɛw kɛse na nneɛma kakraa bi na ɛka ho a wotumi hu no bɛyɛ nea ɛsom bo kɛse.

Nneɛma a wɔtaa de ka sogdianite ho ne abotan a ɛwɔ hɔ no ne aboɔden abo afoforo nkae.

Carat Mu duru & Ne Kɛse

Sogdianite a ɛyɛ aboɔden abo no ho yɛ na koraa, enti sogdianite aboɔden abo a ɛwɔ anim no yɛ nea ɛba fam sen carat 2 bere nyinaa, mpɛn pii no ɛba fam sen carat 1. Sogdianite cabochons nso ho yɛ na nanso ebia ɛbɛyɛ akɛse kakra. Mpɛn pii no, sogdianite a ɛyɛ den no wɔ hɔ sɛ ahwehwɛ fã bi anaa ntini a ɛbata aboɔden abo afoforo ho.

Sɛ yɛreka ho asɛm a, ɔkwan bɛn so na sogdianite a ɛyɛ den no yɛ?

Sogdianite Nkyekyɛmu & Nneɛma a Ɛfiri Hɔ

Sogdianite a ɛho yɛ na no fã bi fi sɛnea asase ho nneɛma a atwa yɛn ho ahyia a ɛho nhia na wɔde ayɛ no ntaa mma. Wɔahu sogdianite wɔ pegmatite ntini a ɛwɔ alkaline mu — pegmatite dodow no ara nni alkali dade pii — te sɛ alkalic granite.

Sogdianite betumi asi aboɔden abo a wɔfrɛ no zektzerite no afã horow ananmu, asakra ayɛ zektzerite, anaasɛ ayɛ nhama a wɔde kata zektzerite so kɛkɛ. Wɔtaa hu sɛ saa aboɔden abo abien yi wɔ abusuabɔ.

Aboɔden abo afoforo a ɛbata sogdianite ho ne:

• Thorite na ɔkyerɛwee

• Stillwellite a ɔda so ara yɛ adwuma

• Pyrochlore a wɔde yɛ aduru

• Tienshanitefo na wɔte saa

• Thorite na ɔkyerɛwee

• Cesium a wɔde yɛ aduru

• Kulpetskite na ɔkyerɛwee

• Microcline a wɔde yɛ nneɛma

• Quartz a wɔfrɛ no Quartz

• Aegirine a wɔfrɛ no Aegirine

• Polylithionite a wɔde yɛ adwuma

• Zircon na ɔkyerɛwee

• Arfvedsonite a wɔde yɛ adwuma

• Albite na ɔkyerɛwee

• Ilmenitefo a wɔyɛ adwuma wɔ hɔ

Mmeae a Wɔtu Tuo

Wɔ asase ho nsɛm mu no, mmeae kakraa bi pɛ na wɔahu sogdianite. Fibea titiriw ne beae a wohuu mfiase wɔ Alai Mmepɔw a ɛwɔ Tajikistan no.

Nneɛma afoforo a wonim sɛ wonya sogdianite fibea ne:

• Japan

• South Africa

• USA (Washington) na ɛwɔ hɔ.

Sogdianite Bo & Ne Bo

Sogdianites a ɛyɛ aboɔden abo a ɛho yɛ na koraa no kyerɛ sɛ wɔhyɛ nkɔm sɛ aboɔden abo nneɛma bo yɛ den. Abo akɛse a kɔla ahorow a ɛyɛ hyew wom no bɛsoa sika a ɛkorɔn bere a wɔde toto abo nketewa a ne kɔla yɛ hare ho no.

Bio nso, ebia sogdianite fibea no di dwuma bi. Wonim Sogdianifo a wofi Tajikistan yiye, enti ebia wɔn bo yɛ den.

Sogdianite aboɔden abo a ɛwɔ afã horow no yɛ den yiye sɛ wobenya, na ne bo bɛyɛ dɔla 900 wɔ carat biara mu, anaasɛ ne nyinaa bɛyɛ dɔla 600 (esiane sɛ ɛtaa yɛ nea ennu carat 1 nti).

Mpɛn pii no, wubehu sɛ sogdianite a ɛwɔ hɔ no yɛ nea ɛyɛ mmerɛw. Sogdianite a ɛyɛ den no fi bɛyɛ dɔla 55 ma ahwehwɛ a ɛyɛ fã bi kosi dɔla 2,450 ma ahwehwɛ a ne kɔla yɛ hyew a ne kɛse fata.

Sogdianite Hwɛ ne Nsiesiei

Aboɔden abo a wɔde hwɛ sogdianite no yɛ nea ɛyɛ tẽẽ koraa. Ne denden ye yiye, ɛwom sɛ ɛsɛ sɛ woda so ara de sie wɔ ɔkwan soronko so fi aboɔden abo afoforo ho de.

Ade titiriw a ɛde ba ne sogdianite a ɛpaapae pɛpɛɛpɛ, na ɛma ɛyɛ asiane kɛse sɛ ebebubu esiane ɔhwe a ano yɛ den nti. Hwɛ hu sɛ wode ahwɛyiye bedi sogdianite ho dwuma.

Wubetumi de nsu a ɛyɛ hyew, samina a ɛnyɛ den, ne brɔs a ɛyɛ mmerɛw asiesie sogdianite.

Fa W’ankasa Sogdianini a Ɔyɛ Nwanwa Ahobammɔ!

Sogdianite yɛ aboɔden abo a ɛda nsow ankasa a ɛyɛ pink kosi violet. Esiane sɛ saa aboɔden abo yi yɛ nea ɛho yɛ na a ɛyɛ anigye, abakɔsɛm a ɛyɛ anigye, na ɛyɛ nwonwa a ɛyɛ den nti, ɛyɛ ade kɛse a wɔde ka aboɔden abo a ɛho yɛ na biara ho.

Kɔtɔ sogdianite ne aboɔden abo a ɛyɛ soronko nnɛ!