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Goethite Gemstone: Properties, Meanings, Value & More
針鐵礦寶石:屬性、含義、價值等
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goethite gemstoneGoethite is an iron mineral related to hematite that’s often found inside other gemstones. Is goethite rare or common? Goethite is an abundant mineral and the most common iron oxide mineral. It’s also the most common part of iron rust.

What does goethite look like? The crystals can be brown, yellow, or red, though most colors have a brown undertone if they’re not completely brown. You’ll usually see paler tones in smaller crystals and darker tones in larger crystals. 

Want to know more? This guide will fill you in on everything you need to know about goethite gemstones, prices, healing properties, and more!

goethite gemstone

What Is A Goethite Crystal?

Goethite is a semi-precious gemstone often found grown into other gems, usually as an inclusion. One common example is goethite in amethyst, producing purple crystals with yellow, orange, or brown portions. These amethyst goethite stones may be called cacoxenite amethyst, but the inclusions aren’t cacoxenite (an iron phosphate mineral). 

Some alternate names for goethite include:

  • Götheite / Göthite

  • Allcharite

  • Brown Iron Ore / Brauneisenerz (German)

  • Conchilites

  • Chileit

  • Fullonite

  • Mesabite

  • Ehrenwerthite

  • Przibramite

  • Yanthosiderite

  • Brown Hematite

  • Brown Ironstone / Braun-Eisenstein (German)

Despite the last few names listed above, goethite is not the same as ironstone or hematite. That said, many of goethite’s uses are similar to the industrial uses of hematite — namely, being used as sources of iron and ingredients in pigments. 

Astrologically, goethite is a lucky zodiac stone for Aries. 

On the scientific side, what is the goethite mineral and how do you identify it?

Goethite Specifications & Characteristics

As an iron oxide hydroxide mineral, goethite’s formula is FeO(OH), sometimes written as α-Fe3+O(OH). Manganese is a common impurity, and the iron in goethite is typically ferric iron (Fe3). 

Goethite is in the diaspore group of metal oxyhydroxides with orthorhombic crystal systems. Other members include diaspore (of course), groutite, tsumgallite, montroseite, and bracewellite.

Some of the most impressive crystal habits of goethite are iridescent stalactites and black clusters of radiating crystals. Other forms include columnar, bladed, and botryoidal (resembling a grape cluster) crystals.

If you’re wondering about magnetism, goethite is magnetic but only weakly.

How do you identify goethite? The most commonly confused mineral is hematite (Fe2O3). Hematite is usually red while goethite is often brown or yellow. Also, hematite is slightly harder, ranking at 5.5-6.5 on the Mohs mineral hardness scale.

If you have a spectrometer, you can check absorption lines for identification. Real goethite will show absorption at 420, 480, 600, and 920nm. Hematite’s absorption lines are at 520, 650, and 880nm.  

Here are the remaining goethite properties:

  • Mohs hardness: 5-5.5

  • Color: Yellow, brown, black, orange, reddish-brown, yellowish-brown, brownish-black, silver

  • Crystal structure: Orthorhombic

  • Luster: Adamantine, silky, metallic, or dull

  • Transparency: Opaque to subtranslucent

  • Refractive index: 2.26 to 2.398

  • Density: 4.27 - 4.29

  • Cleavage: Perfect on [010], imperfect on [100]

  • Fracture: Irregular/uneven or splintery

  • Streak: Brownish-yellow to yellow

  • Birefringence: 0.138

  • Luminescence: None

  • Pleochroism: Present and strong in red/yellow, red/brownish-yellow, and red/orange-yellow

  • Dispersion: Fairly strong

Now, is there more than one type of goethite? Yep!

goethite gemstone rough with calcite

Types of Goethite

There are a few different goethite varieties. Most of them have tricky names, but they’re not complicated to understand. 

  • Ehrenwerthite: Goethite that has partially formed after pyrite, creating a combination of the two

  • Alumogoethite: Goethite containing aluminum

  • Sammetblende or Samtblende: Derived from the German term for “velveit,” a goethite variety made up of tiny needle-like crystal spheres or crusts, giving it a fuzzy carpet look with a velvet-like luster

  • Wood Iron: Goethite with fibrous crystal habit

It’s important to note that “wood iron” is also the name for a fibrous siderite variety.

As you know, you’ll often see goethite inside of other stones like amethyst. Some other gems that contain goethite layers or inclusions include:

In stones like aventurine and sunstone, tiny flakes of goethite (though sometimes hematite or pyrite) are often responsible for the metallic glittering effect called aventurescence. 

Now that you know the mineral side, what is the meaning of goethite? 

iridescent goethite gemstone rough specimen

Goethite Meaning & History

The goethite crystal meaning ties to connection with Mother Earth and the celestial realm. The stone is great for grounding yourself as you explore a higher spiritual connection. 

It extends its connections to the wearer, keeping you securely in reality as you connect to angels or other ethereal beings to gain a greater perspective on the world.

German mineralogist Johann Georg Lenz discovered and named goethite in 1806 after finding the original samples in Herdorf, Germany. He chose the name to honor another Johann, the renowned German scientist and poet Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. 

Goethe was also an author, playwright, politician, and philosopher, on top of serving as Chief Minister of Weimar, Germany. Talk about a jack of all trades!

Goethite’s history extends well beyond 1806, however. Since the Paleolithic era of strictly hunter-gatherer societies (from 2.5 million years ago to 10,000 BC), people have ground goethite to create paint pigment. They still do today! 

In the past, goethite was a popular pigment source for brown or yellow ochre pigments. Archeological evidence revealed goethite within cave paintings in the popular Lascaux cave network of France dating back over 16,000 years!   

Another notable example ties to a king with a legendary golden touch — King Midas. Well, his dad. The tomb of a man believed to be King Gordias, Midas’s father, contained a burial shroud colored by goethite dye. Though it's understandably changed in color over time, the original color likely resembled gold.

In fact, some historians theorize that the entire myth of the “Midas Touch” came from the habit of him and other royalty at the time to wear gold-colored clothes. 

If your life needs a golden touch, you’ll be happy to hear that goethite is a powerful healing crystal! So, what does goethite do spiritually? 

gray goethite healing crystal

Goethite Healing Properties

The color of every gemstone influences its powers as a healing stone. Yellow goethite, like all yellow gemstones, offers greater joy, concentration, and hope. Meanwhile, brown goethite is a chakra stone for the root chakra, joining other brown gems in opening the energy center to bring you grounding and stability.

Next, we’ll look at the physical, emotional, and chakra healing benefits of goethite.

Physical Healing

Crystal healers use goethite to treat problems related to the following:

  • Ears

  • Eyes

  • Digestive system

  • Throat

  • Nose

  • Veins

The crystal is also believed to facilitate a more seamless, speedy recovery after physical trauma or significant wounding.

Emotional Healing

Goethite’s emotional benefits are helpful during many times in life: the start of a new project, a period of grief or loss, and even during a long-term romantic relationship.

This crystal is said to boost creativity and help give you the concentration and confidence to complete any creative endeavor. For those dealing with loss, goethite is a supportive and healing companion. Lastly, if you’re trying to voice your desires or feelings more honestly — whether those feelings are intimacy-based or otherwise.

goethite inclusions in amethyst gemstone faceted

Pictured above: Amethyst with goethite inclusions

Goethite Gemstone Properties

Experts grade goethite and determine its value by looking at its color, cut, clarity, and treatments. 

Color

Besides goethite’s earthy brown, yellow, and reddish hues, it can also show multiple colors! The stone may be color-banded and in some cases, iridescent (especially specimens from Tharsis, Spain). 

Iridescence comes from thin layers of turgite (a mixture of hematite and goethite) on the surface that cause thin-film interference. You’ll often see iridescence on stalactic or botryoidal specimens, which are sometimes sold as “rainbow goethite.” 

Cut

Goethite alone is almost never faceted, though other stones containing it may be faceted (e.g. goethite in amethyst). Typically, goethite is cut into freeform shapes, cabochons, or tumbled stones. Iridescent or color-banded goethites are commonly seen in cabochon jewelry. 

Additionally, raw goethite specimens with interesting features or shapes are often sold uncut as beautiful collector’s pieces. 

Clarity

Goethite is almost always opaque or nearly opaque, so inclusions don’t affect its appearance as much as they would in transparent stones. That said, goethite inclusions in other stones are incredibly versatile. 

For instance, many types of quartz contain goethite inclusions, but the inclusions can show up differently in each stone. Some may be fans, others dendrites, and still others may resemble organ-pipes.

Treatments

Historically, goethite has been heated to become red, then used for creating red pigments. Heat treatments can also make brown goethite yellow. 

Before all the grading happens, how does goethite form? 

goethite gemstone rough with gypsum

Goethite Formation & Sources

Goethite can form in a few different ways. The most common process is when iron-rich minerals undergo weathering, oxidizing to change their ferrous (Fe2+) iron to ferric (Fe3+) iron. This oxidation means goethite is often found at Earth’s surface. 

Other formation processes for goethite include groundwater precipitation or the hydrothermal process (element-rich water settling into crevices and precipitating). Another fascinating but less common formation process is biological, where certain bacteria excrete the mineral. Nature is wild, right?

Back to the oxidation formation, sometimes the initial mineral doesn’t entirely become goethite. In these cases, we have pseudomorphs or combinations of goethite and other minerals. Some common examples are goethite pseudomorphs after pyrite, marcasite, or siderite. 

You can find goethite in many areas, though soils are the most common. Other environments include bogs, swamps, cave floors, creek beds, and the bottom of lakes. 

Geographically, where is goethite found?

Mining Locations

Goethite has been found all over the world. Nigeria is a particularly significant source of gem-quality goethite, while Cuba, England, and the USA are important deposits in general.

Other important goethite sources are:

  • Australia

  • Canada

  • Czechia

  • France

  • Germany

  • USA (Alabama, Colorado, Georgia, Minnesota, Missouri, Tennessee, Virginia)

Though not as abundant, another notable occurrence of goethite is on Mars. Yep, the planet Mars! Not only does this make goethite a space gemstone, it’s also helped scientists learn more about if there was once water on Mars.

goethite gemstone rough specimen

Goethite Price & Value

Most goethite currently available is rough. Cut stones are usually goethite in other gems, with most being amethyst containing goethite. 

Faceted amethyst with goethite gems range from around $4-$20 per carat at wholesale. In cabochon form, these gems fetch about $25 to $75 each. 

Rough goethite specimens vary in price based on their features, size, and rarity. For instance, iridescent goethite specimens are the priciest, ranging from roughly $40 to $350 each. 

Raw amethyst in goethite is significantly more affordable at around $10 each. Other forms of raw goethite go for $10 to $35 at wholesale prices. 

Goethite Care and Maintenance

Lastly, we’ll discuss proper gemstone care for goethite. This mineral has relatively good hardness, but its perfect cleavage means a hard blow from the right angle can leave the stone shattered. For that reason, we recommend goethite jewelry with protective settings

It’s important to keep goethite away from harsh chemicals or acids — that especially goes for hydrochloric acid, which will cause goethite to dissolve.

To clean goethite safely, use a soft toothbrush dipped in a mixture of warm water and mild soap. You may not even need the soap, so you can also try to clean it first with just water and the toothbrush to see if it does the trick. 

Keep goethite away from other gemstones in a cool, dry place. 

goethite inclusions in amethyst rough crystal

Go Go Go with Goethite Gems!

Whether we’re talking about its ties to a legendary king, its presence in cave paintings, or simply its naturally beautiful forms, goethite is a gem worth knowing about. If you’re looking for some motivation, focus, and creativity to keep you going, goethite may just be the perfect stone for you! 

Buy goethite gemstones today!

針鐵礦寶石針鐵礦是一種與赤鐵礦相關的鐵礦物,通常存在於其他寶石中。針鐵礦是稀有還是常見?針鐵礦是一種儲量豐富的礦物,也是最常見的氧化鐵礦物。它也是鐵鏽中最常見的部分。

針鐵礦長什麼樣?晶體可以是棕色、黃色或紅色,但如果不是完全棕色,大多數顏色都有棕色底色。您通常會在較小的晶體中看到較淡的色調,在較大的晶體中看到較暗的色調。

想知道更多?本指南將為您提供您需要了解的關於針鐵礦寶石、價格、治療特性等的所有信息!

針鐵礦寶石

什麼是針鐵礦晶體?

針鐵礦是一種半寶石,通常作為內含物生長在其他寶石中。一個常見的例子是紫水晶中的針鐵礦,它會產生帶有黃色、橙色或棕色部分的紫色晶體。這些紫水晶針鐵礦可能被稱為 cacoxenite 紫水晶,但內含物不是 cacoxenite(一種磷酸鐵礦物)。

針鐵礦的一些替代名稱包括:

  • 哥特人 / 哥特人

  • 慈善團體

  • 褐鐵礦 / Brauneisenerz(德國)

  • 孔雀石

  • 智利

  • 富龍石

  • 石榴石

  • 埃倫維特

  • 磷鋅礦

  • 黃菱鐵礦

  • 棕赤鐵礦

  • Brown Ironstone / Braun-Eisenstein(德國)

儘管上面列出了最後幾個名稱,但針鐵礦與鐵礦石或赤鐵礦不同。也就是說,針鐵礦的許多用途類似於赤鐵礦的工業用途——即用作鐵的來源和顏料成分。

在占星學上,針鐵礦是白羊座的幸運生肖石

在科學方面,什麼是針鐵礦礦物以及如何識別它?

針鐵礦規格與特性

作為一種氧化鐵氫氧化物礦物,針鐵礦的分子式為FeO(OH),有時寫作α-Fe3+O(OH)。錳是一種常見的雜質,針鐵礦中的鐵通常是三價鐵 (Fe3)。

針鐵礦屬於具有正交晶系的金屬羥基氧化物的水鋁石組。其他成員包括水鋁石(當然)、灌漿石、tsumgallite、monroseite 和 bracewellite。

針鐵礦一些最令人印象深刻的晶體習性是虹彩鐘乳石和黑色輻射晶體簇。其他形式包括柱狀、刃狀和葡萄狀(類似於葡萄串)晶體。

如果您想了解磁性,針鐵礦具有磁性但很弱。

如何識別針鐵礦?最常混淆的礦物是赤鐵礦 (Fe2O3)。赤鐵礦通常呈紅色,而針鐵礦通常呈棕色或黃色。此外,赤鐵礦稍硬, 莫氏礦物硬度等級為 5.5-6.5。

如果你有光譜儀,你可以檢查吸收線以進行識別。真正的針鐵礦會在 420、480、600 和 920nm 處表現出吸收。赤鐵礦的吸收線位於 520、650 和 880nm。

以下是剩餘的針鐵礦特性:

  • 莫氏硬度:5-5.5

  • 顏色: 黃色、棕色、黑色、橙色、紅棕色、黃棕色、棕黑色、銀色

  • 晶體結構: 斜方晶系

  • 光澤:金剛、絲滑、金屬或暗淡

  • 透明度: 不透明到亞半透明

  • 折射率:2.26 至 2.398

  • 密度:4.27 - 4.29

  • 乳溝:在 [010] 上完美,在 [100] 上不完美

  • 骨折:不規則/不均勻或碎片狀

  • 條痕:棕黃色至黃色

  • 雙折射:0.138

  • 發光: 無

  • 多色性:存在並強烈呈現紅色/黃色、紅色/棕黃色和紅色/橙黃色

  • 色散:相當強

現在,是否有不止一種類型的針鐵礦?是的!

含方解石的針鐵礦寶石原石

針鐵礦的種類

有幾種不同的針鐵礦品種。他們中的大多數都有棘手的名字,但理解起來並不復雜。

  • Ehrenwerthite :在黃鐵礦之後部分形成的針鐵礦,形成兩者的結合

  • Alumogoethite : 含鋁的針鐵礦

  • Sammetblende 或 Samtblende :源自德語術語“天鵝絨”,一種針鐵礦品種,由細小的針狀晶體球體或結殼組成,使其具有毛絨地毯的外觀和天鵝絨般的光澤

  • 木鐵:具有纖維狀晶體習性的針鐵礦

值得注意的是,“木鐵”也是纖維狀菱鐵礦品種的名稱。

如您所知,您經常會在紫水晶等其他寶石中看到針鐵礦。其他一些含有針鐵礦層或內含物的寶石包括:

在砂金石和日光石等寶石中,微小的針鐵礦薄片(儘管有時是赤鐵礦或黃鐵礦)通常是造成稱為砂金現象的金屬閃光效果的原因。

既然您了解了礦物方面,那麼針鐵礦的含義是什麼?

虹彩針鐵礦寶石原石標本

針鐵礦的意義和歷史

針鐵礦水晶意味著與地球母親和天界的聯繫。當您探索更高的精神聯繫時,這塊石頭非常適合讓自己紮根。

它擴展了與佩戴者的聯繫,讓您在與天使或其他虛無縹緲的存在聯繫時安全地置身於現實中,以獲得更廣闊的世界觀。

德國礦物學家 Johann Georg Lenz 於 1806 年在德國赫爾多夫找到原始樣品後發現並命名為針鐵礦。他選擇這個名字是為了紀念另一位約翰,著名的德國科學家和詩人約翰·沃爾夫岡·馮·歌德。

歌德除擔任德國魏瑪首席部長外,還是作家、劇作家、政治家和哲學家。談論所有行業的傑克!

然而,針鐵礦的歷史遠遠超過 1806 年。自從嚴格的狩獵採集社會的舊石器時代(從 250 萬年前到公元前 10,000 年),人們就開始研磨針鐵礦來製造油漆顏料。他們今天仍然這樣做!

過去,針鐵礦是棕色或黃色赭石顏料的流行顏料來源。考古證據顯示,法國著名的拉斯科洞穴網絡中的洞穴壁畫中含有針鐵礦,其歷史可追溯到 16,000 多年前!

另一個著名的例子與一位具有傳奇般的點金術的國王有關——邁達斯國王。好吧,他的父親。一個人的墳墓被認為是邁達斯的父親戈迪亞斯國王,裡面有一塊用針鐵礦染料著色的裹屍布。雖然隨著時間的推移它的顏色發生了可以理解的變化,但原來的顏色可能類似於金色。

事實上,一些歷史學家認為,“點石成金”的整個神話都源於他和當時其他皇室成員穿金色衣服的習慣。

如果您的生活需要點金術,聽說針鐵礦是一種強大的治療水晶,您會很高興!那麼,goethite 在精神上做了什麼?

灰色針鐵礦療愈水晶

針鐵礦的治療特性

每顆寶石的顏色都會影響其作為治療石的功效。與所有黃色寶石一樣,黃色針鐵礦帶來更大的歡樂、專注和希望。同時,棕色針鐵礦是根脈輪的脈輪石,與其他棕色寶石一起打開能量中心,為您帶來穩固和穩定。

接下來,我們將了解針鐵礦在身體、情感和脈輪治療方面的益處。

身體治療

水晶治療師使用針鐵礦治療與以下相關的問題:

  • 耳朵

  • 眼睛

  • 消化系統

  • 鼻子

  • 靜脈

水晶還被認為有助於在身體創傷或嚴重受傷後更無縫、更快速地恢復。

情緒療愈

針鐵礦的情感益處在生活中的許多時候都有幫助:新項目的開始、悲傷或失落的時期,甚至是長期的浪漫關係。

據說這種水晶可以激發創造力,幫助您集中精力和自信地完成任何創造性的努力。對於那些處理損失的人來說,針鐵礦是一種支持和治癒的伴侶。最後,如果你想更誠實地表達你的願望或感受——無論這些感受是基於親密還是其他。

紫水晶寶石刻面中的針鐵礦內含物

上圖:帶有針鐵礦內含物的紫水晶

針鐵礦寶石屬性

專家通過觀察其顏色、切工、淨度和處理方法對針鐵礦進行分級並確定其價值。

顏色

除了針鐵礦的土褐色、黃色和微紅色調外,它還可以呈現多種顏色!寶石可能帶有色帶,在某些情況下呈彩虹色(尤其是來自西班牙塔爾西斯的標本)。

虹彩來自表面上的薄層 turgite(赤鐵礦和針鐵礦的混合物),會導致薄膜干涉。您經常會在星狀或葡萄狀標本上看到彩虹色,這些標本有時被稱為“彩虹針鐵礦”。

單獨的針鐵礦幾乎從不刻面,儘管含有它的其他寶石可能有刻面(例如紫水晶中的針鐵礦)。通常,針鐵礦被切割成自由形狀、 凸圓形或滾磨石。彩虹色或色帶針鐵礦常見於凸圓形珠寶中。

此外,具有有趣特徵或形狀的原始針鐵礦標本通常未經切割作為漂亮的收藏品出售。

明晰

針鐵礦幾乎總是不透明或幾乎不透明,因此內含物不會像透明寶石那樣影響其外觀。也就是說,其他寶石中的針鐵礦內含物用途廣泛。

例如,許多類型的石英都含有針鐵礦內含物,但內含物在每塊石頭中的表現可能不同。有些可能是扇子,有些是樹突,還有一些可能像風琴管。

療程

歷史上,針鐵礦被加熱變成紅色,然後用於製造紅色顏料。熱處理也可以使棕色針鐵礦變黃。

在所有分級發生之前,針鐵礦是如何形成的?

石膏針鐵礦原石

針鐵礦的形成和來源

針鐵礦可以以幾種不同的方式形成。最常見的過程是富含鐵的礦物經歷風化、氧化,將亞鐵 (Fe2+) 鐵變成三價鐵 (Fe3+)。這種氧化意味著針鐵礦經常出現在地球表面。

針鐵礦的其他形成過程包括地下水沉澱或熱液過程(富含元素的水沉入裂縫並沉澱)。另一個引人入勝但不太常見的形成過程是生物形成過程,其中某些細菌會排出礦物質。大自然是狂野的,對吧?

回到氧化形成,有時最初的礦物並沒有完全變成針鐵礦。在這些情況下,我們有假晶或針鐵礦與其他礦物的組合。一些常見的例子是黃鐵礦、白鐵礦或菱鐵礦之後的針鐵礦假晶。

您可以在許多地區找到針鐵礦,但最常見的是土壤。其他環境包括沼澤、沼澤、洞穴底部、溪床和湖底。

從地理上講,針鐵礦產於何處?

採礦地點

世界各地都發現了針鐵礦。尼日利亞是寶石級針鐵礦的特別重要產地,而古巴、英國和美國通常是重要的礦床。

其他重要的針鐵礦來源是:

  • 澳大利亞

  • 加拿大

  • 捷克語

  • 法國

  • 德國

  • 美國(阿拉巴馬州、科羅拉多州、喬治亞州、明尼蘇達州、密蘇里州、田納西州、弗吉尼亞州)

雖然沒有那麼豐富,但另一個值得注意的針鐵礦出現在火星上。沒錯,火星!這不僅使針鐵礦成為太空寶石,還幫助科學家更多地了解火星上是否曾經有水。

針鐵礦寶石原石標本

針鐵礦價格與價值

目前可用的大多數針鐵礦都是粗糙的。在其他寶石中,切割寶石通常是針鐵礦,其中大多數是含有針鐵礦的紫水晶。

帶有針鐵礦寶石的刻面紫水晶批發價從每克拉 4 到 20 美元左右。這些凸圓形寶石每顆售價約 25 至 75 美元。

針鐵礦原石標本的價格根據其特徵、尺寸和稀有程度而有所不同。例如,虹彩針鐵礦標本是最昂貴的,每件大約 40 美元到 350 美元不等。

針鐵礦原料紫水晶的價格要便宜得多,每顆約 10 美元。其他形式的原始針鐵礦批發價為 10 到 35 美元。

針鐵礦保養和維護

最後,我們將討論針鐵礦的適當寶石護理。這種礦物具有相對較好的硬度,但其完美的解理意味著從正確的角度用力敲擊會使石頭破碎。因此,我們推薦帶有保護鑲嵌的針鐵礦首飾。

重要的是要讓針鐵礦遠離刺激性化學品或酸——尤其是鹽酸,它會導致針鐵礦溶解。

要安全地清潔針鐵礦,請使用蘸有溫水和溫和肥皂的混合物的軟牙刷。你甚至可能不需要肥皂,所以你也可以先用水和牙刷清潔它,看看它是否有效。

將針鐵礦與其他寶石放在陰涼乾燥的地方。

紫水晶粗晶中的針鐵礦包裹體

Go Go Go 與 Goethite 寶石一起去吧!

無論我們是在談論它與傳奇國王的關係、它在洞穴壁畫中的存在,還是僅僅是它自然美麗的形式,針鐵礦都是一種值得了解的寶石。如果您正在尋找一些動力、專注力和創造力來讓您繼續前進,針鐵礦可能就是您的完美之選!

立即購買針鐵礦寶石!

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